If the expenditure of Company X in 2017 and Company Y in 2017 were equal, what was the ratio of their incomes in 2017?
Answer: A
Let the equal expenditure for both companies in 2017 be E.
Income = Expenditure × (1 + \(\frac{\text{Profit %}}{100}\)).
For Company X in 2017, Profit = 45%. Income_X = E × (1 + 0.45) = 1.45E.
For Company Y in 2017, Profit = 50%. Income_Y = E × (1 + 0.50) = 1.50E.
Ratio of Incomes (X:Y) = 1.45E : 1.50E = 1.45 : 1.50 = 145 : 150.
Dividing by 5 gives the ratio 29 : 30.