Reasoning – Statement – Conclusions
What is Statement – Conclusions?
You are presented with a factual statement followed by several conclusions. You must determine which conclusions logically follow from the statement.
Types of Conclusions
1. Direct conclusions: Clearly supported by the statement.
2. Indirect conclusions: Implied through reasoning.
3. Invalid conclusions: Not supported or based on assumptions.
Example Questions
- Statement: All roses are flowers.
Conclusions:
I. All flowers are roses.
II. Some roses are flowers.
Answer: Answer: Only II follows
- Statement: Some pens are books.
Conclusions:
I. Some books are pens.
II. All pens are books.
Answer: Answer: Only I follows
Exam Tips
- Focus on what is explicitly stated.
- Use Venn diagrams to test logical validity.
- Reject assumptions or outside knowledge.
Common Mistakes
- Accepting conclusions based on belief or common sense.
- Assuming the converse of a true statement is also true.
- Overinterpreting vague or generalized statements.
Quick Revision Checklist
- Rephrase the conclusion as a question: Is this definitely true?
- Draw Venn diagrams when needed.
- Practice identifying valid vs invalid conclusions.
Summary: Statement–Conclusion questions test your logical deduction ability. Stick to facts and avoid assumptions to choose the valid conclusion.