In each question below is given a statement followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the three given suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.
Statement: It is estimated that about twenty lakh people will visit the city during the ensuing festival.
Courses of Action:
1. The civic authority should monitor the crowd and restrict entry of the people beyond a manageable number.
2. The local police authority should be put on high alert to maintain law and order during the festival.
3. All the hospitals in the city should be put on high alert in case of any eventuality.
Answer: B
Clearly, people cannot be deprived of enjoying the festival for lack of arrangements. Also, it becomes necessary to deploy police to regulate big crowds and avert any mishap in public gatherings. Further, it costs nothing but might prove useful to put hospitals on alert to be ready to provide quick medical aid to patients in case of any eventuality. So, both II and III follow.
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Statement: Number of dropouts from the municipal schools has significantly increased after withdrawal of mid-day meal scheme.
Courses of Action:
1. The government should reconsider its decision of withdrawal of midday meal scheme.
2. The government should close down some of the municipal schools.
3. The government should carry out a detailed study to find out the reasons for school dropouts.
Answer: C
Clearly, the government ought to find out the reason behind the increase in number of dropouts, and also the extent to which the withdrawal of mid-day meal scheme is responsible for the same. So, both I and III follow. II appears to be vague.
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Statement: The Company X has rejected first lot of values supplied by Company A and has cancelled its entire huge order quoting use of inferior quality material and poor craftsmanship.
Courses of Action:
1. The Company A needs to investigate functioning of its purchase, production and quality control departments.
2. The Company A should inspect all the valves rejected by Company X.
3. The Company A should inform Company X that steps have been taken for improvement and renegotiate schedule of supply.
Answer: A
First of all, company A should inspect the rejected valves to ensure if they are really sub-standard. If yes, it should scrutinise its working thoroughly and remove its lackenings, be it in the quality of raw material or craftsmanship. So, both I and II follow. III seems to be a far-off action which can be implemented only after the first two steps are put into practice. Thus, III does not follow,
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Statement: A large number of students who have passed their XII Std. terminal examination in the country could not get admission to colleges as the number of seats available are grossly inadequate.
Courses of Action:
1. The evaluation system of XII Std. terminal examination should be made more tough so that fewer students pass the examination.
2. The Government should encourage the private sector to open new colleges by providing them land at cheaper rate.
3. The rich people should be asked to send their wards to foreign countries for higher studies enabling the needy students to get admission in colleges within the country.
Answer: B
Clearly, reducing the number of aspirants for admission to colleges or sending the students of well-to-do families to foreign countries for higher studies, is no proper solution. So, both I and HI do not follow. The right solution is to increase the number of colleges so as to accommodate the increasing number of admission-seekers. So, only II follows.
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Statement: There is an unprecedented increase in the production of wheat this kharif season in most parts of the country.
Courses of Action:
1. The government should immediately lower down the procurement price of wheat.
2. The farmers should be asked to store the excess produces with themselves to be used for future.
3. The government should make its best efforts to export wheat to augment its presence in international market.
Answer: E
Clearly, both steps I and II are not commercially viable for the farmers. So, none of them follows. The only solution lies in the government attempting to export the excess produce of wheat. Thus, only III follows.
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Statement: In one of the worst accidents in railway level crossing, fifty people died when a bus carrying them collided on to a running train.
Courses of Action:
1. The train driver should immediately be suspended.
2. The driver of the bus should be tried in court for negligence on his part.
3. The railway authority should be asked to man all its level crossings.
Answer: C
The problem discussed in the statement is not regarding the current accident, but to do something to avert such mishaps. Accidents at railway crossings can be averted by deploying men to regulate traffic and installing barriers to check traffic movement when a train passes by. So, only III follows.
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Statement: There was a spurt in criminal activities in the city during the recent festival season.
Courses of Action:
1. The police should immediately investigate into the causes of this increase.
2. In future the police should take adequate precaution to avoid recurrence of such situation during festival.
3. The known criminals should be arrested before any such season.
Answer: B
The police ought to find out the lackenings in existing security arrangements and make up for these inadequacies to strengthen security and thus prevent criminal activities in the forthcoming festival. So, both I and II follow. Arresting the known criminals does not ensure safety, for a novice can also indulge in crime. So, III does not follow.
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Statement: There has been an unprecedented increase in use of malpractices by the students during various examinations held in the country this year.
Courses of Action:
1. All the concerned authorities conducting these examinations should immediately take effective measures to curb this menace.
2. All those students who are detected to have used unfair means should be debarred from appearing in any of these examinations for the next three years.
3. Using unfair means should immediately be made cognizable offence by passing necessary legislations.
Answer: B
Use of malpractices does away with the basic essence of examinations and hence it ought to be checked. So, I follows. Also, the fear of harsh punishments would prevent students from using unfair means. So, II also follows. But declaring it a crime may spoil the career of students who are caught using unfair means. So, III does not follow.
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Statement: Residents from Model Colony coming under North Ward of City X have complained to the Ward Officer that for last three days the tap water in the ward is contaminated and no action is being initiated by municipal staff.
Courses of Action:
1. The Ward Officer of North Ward should initiate action against residents who have lodged complaints against municipal staff.
2. The Ward Officer should ask his junior officer to visit Model Colony to assess the actual condition of water with his staff and to get samples of water tested from laboratories.
3. The Ward Officer should ask Ward Engineer to check water installations and pipelines in the Model Colony area.
Answer: B
The residents complained to the Ward Officer regarding the negligence of duty of his subordinates. So, I does not follow. Also, it is the moral duty of the Officer to listen to the complaints, ascertain the quality of water in the colony and get all pipelines and connections checked for any damage or leak that could have opened the way for contamination of water. Thus, both II and III follow.
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Statement: A large number of students are reported to be dropping out of school in villages as their parents want their children to help them in farms.
Courses of Action:
1. The government should immediately launch a programme to create awareness among the farmers about the value of education.
2. The government should offer incentives to those farmers whose children remain in schools.
3. Education should be made compulsory for all children up to the age of 14 and their employment banned.
Answer: D
Literacy at basic level is the utmost need to prepare good future citizens. So, all children need to be educated. This can be achieved by creating awareness, providing incentives, enforcing education and banning employment of children. Thus, all the three courses follow.
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