In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.
Give answer
Statement: A recent study shows that children below five die in the cities of the developing countries mainly from diarrhoea and parasitic intestinal worms.
Courses of Action:
1. Governments of the developing countries should take adequate measures to improve the hygienic conditions in the cities.
2. Children below five years in the cities of the developing countries need to be kept under periodic medical check-up.
Answer: E
Clearly, the two diseases mentioned are caused by unhygienic conditions. So, improving the hygienic conditions is a step towards their eradication. Also, periodic medical check-up will help timely detection of the disease and hence a proper treatment. So, both I and II follow.
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Statement: The kharif crops have been affected by the insects for consecutive three years in the district and the farmers harvested less than fifty percent of produce during these years.
Courses of Action:
1. The farmers should seek measures to control the attack of insects to protect their crops next year.
2. The Government should increase the support price of kharif crops considerably to protect the economic interests of farmers.
Answer: E
Clearly, the problem demands taking extra care and adequate precautions to protect crops from insects and extending help to farmers to prevent them from incurring huge losses. Thus, both the courses follow.
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Statement: The Indian electronic component industry venturing into the West European markets faces tough competition from the Japanese.
Courses of Action:
1. India should search for other international markets for its products.
2. India should improve the quality of the electronic components to compete with the Japanese in capturing these markets.
Answer: B
An escapist's attitude does not help much. The need is to compete and emerge successful. So, only course II follows.
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Statement: Orissa and Andhra Pradesh have agreed in principle to set up a joint control board for better control, management and productivity of several inter-state multipurpose projects.
Courses of Action:
1. Other neighbouring states should set up such control boards.
2. The proposed control board should not be allowed to function as such joint boards are always ineffective
Answer: A
The effectiveness of such Control Boards is established by the fact that Orissa and A.P. have agreed to it for better control of its multipurpose projects. So, only course I follows.
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Statement: The Government has decided not to provide financial support to voluntary organisations from next Five Year Plan and has communicated that all such organisations should raise funds to meet their financial needs.
Courses of Action:
1. Voluntary organisations should collaborate with foreign agencies.
2. They should explore other sources of financial support
Answer: B
The problem arising is shortage of funds. So, alternative sources of financial support need to be worked out first. Thus, only course II follows.
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Statement: The availability of imported fruits has increased in the indigenous market and so the demand for indigenous fruits has been decreased.
Courses of Action:
1. To help the indigenous producers of fruits, the Government should impose high import duty on these fruits, even if these are not of good quality.
2. The fruit vendors should stop selling imported fruits. So that the demand for indigenous fruits would be increased.
Answer: D
The ideas suggested in both I and II represent unfair means to cut competition. The correct way would be to devise methods and techniques such that the indigenous producers could produce better quality fruits and make them available in the market at prices comparable with those of the imported ones. Hence, neither I nor II follows.
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Statement: It is necessary to adopt suitable measures to prevent repetition of bad debts by learning from the past experiences of mounting non-performing assets of banks.
Courses of Action:
1. Before granting loan to customers their eligibility for loan should be evaluated strictly.
2. To ensure the payment of instalments of loan, the work, for which loan was granted, should be supervised minutely on regular basis.
Answer: E
To ensure that debts taken are repaid promptly, the customer's requirements and future prospects ought to be studied and their work constantly checked. Thus, both the courses follow.
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Statement: A very large number of students have failed in the final high school examination due to faulty questions in one of the subjects.
Courses of Action:
1. All the students who have failed in the subject should be allowed to take supplementary examination.
2. All those who are responsible for the error should be suspended and an enquiry should be initiated to find out the facts.
Answer: E
There being faulty questions in the examination paper is a blunder on the part of school management and students should not be made to suffer on account of this. Thus, a re-test should be organised for the students and those responsible for the error be penalised to prevent reoccurrence of such mistake in the future. Hence, both the courses follow.
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Statement: A large number of engineering graduates in the country are not in a position to have gainful employment at present and the number of such engineers is likely to grow in the future.
Courses of Action:
1. The government should launch attractive employment generation schemes and encourage these graduates to opt for such schemes to use their expertise and knowledge effectively.
2. This happened due to proliferation of engineering colleges in the country and thereby lowered the quality of the engineering graduates. Those colleges which are not equipped to impart quality education should be closed down.
Answer: B
The emphasis should be not on the Government putting all the engineering graduates to jobs but on the colleges producing not 'degree-holders' but real technical minds which could compete well for gainful employment. So, only course II follows.
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Statement: Every year, at the beginning or at the end of the monsoons, we have some cases of conjunctivitis, but this year, it seems to be a major epidemic, witnessed after nearly four years.
Courses of Action:
1. Precautionary measures should be taken after every four years to check this epidemic.
2. People should be advised to drink boiled water during rainy season.
Answer: B
The disease occurs at the end of monsoons every year. So, precautionary measures every four years shall not help. The second course of action shall be a preventive measure. So, only course II follows.
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