Quantitative Aptitude – Stocks & Shares
Complete guide to investing problems: face value, market value, dividends, yield, and corporate actions.
1. Concepts & Definitions
- Face Value (FV): Nominal stock value, usually ₹10/₹100.
- Market Value (MV): Price investor pays per share.
- Dividend: % of FV paid to investor: Dividend = FV × (Rate ÷ 100).
- Yield: Return on investment: (Dividend ÷ MV) × 100.
2. Adjustments
- Bonus Issue: Free shares distribution. Adjusted MV = MV × (existing shares ÷ total shares), yield changes.
- Split: Convert FV and share count (e.g. 2-for-1 splits FV, doubles shares).
- Dividend Impact: Net gain = Dividend + (MV change × shares) – taxes/fees.
3. Worked Examples
- Bought at ₹150, FV ₹100, 10% dividend: Dividend/share = ₹10; yield = (10/150) × 100 = 6.67%.
- Buy 100 @ ₹200, get 1:1 bonus: now 200 shares; FV changes accordingly; yield and MV per share adjust.
4. Exam Tips
- Always break problems per-share before multiplying totals.
- Make adjustment for bonus/split before calculating yield.
5. Mistakes to Avoid
- Using FV instead of MV in % yield formula.
- Ignoring tax or brokerage deductions in final profit.
6. Revision Checklist
- Practice with bonus, split, varying dividends.
- Match yield against real income and price changes.
Summary: Per-share dividend & yield formulas + adjustments = quick and accurate solutions for stock/share problems.