In each question below is given a statement followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the three given suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.
Statement: There has been an unprecedented increase in use of malpractices by the students during various examinations held in the country this year.
Courses of Action:
1. All the concerned authorities conducting these examinations should immediately take effective measures to curb this menace.
2. All those students who are detected to have used unfair means should be debarred from appearing in any of these examinations for the next three years.
3. Using unfair means should immediately be made cognizable offence by passing necessary legislations.
Answer: B
Use of malpractices does away with the basic essence of examinations and hence it ought to be checked. So, I follows. Also, the fear of harsh punishments would prevent students from using unfair means. So, II also follows. But declaring it a crime may spoil the career of students who are caught using unfair means. So, III does not follow.
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Statement: A large number of students are reported to be dropping out of school in villages as their parents want their children to help them in farms.
Courses of Action:
1. The government should immediately launch a programme to create awareness among the farmers about the value of education.
2. The government should offer incentives to those farmers whose children remain in schools.
3. Education should be made compulsory for all children up to the age of 14 and their employment banned.
Answer: D
Literacy at basic level is the utmost need to prepare good future citizens. So, all children need to be educated. This can be achieved by creating awareness, providing incentives, enforcing education and banning employment of children. Thus, all the three courses follow.
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Statement: The day time temperatures in this summer have been four to five degree Celsius above the normal temperature across the country.
Courses of Action:
1. All the district headquarters should be alerted to send prompt reports of death due to heat waves in their jurisdiction.
2. The Government machinery should be put on high alert and provided with necessary equipments to prevent any untoward incident.
3. The Government should make necessary arrangements to provide drinking water in all the areas affected due to extreme heat waves.
Answer: E
The situation demands extending as much help and relief as possible, to the common people, thus making it easy for them to cope up with extreme hot weather. So, only II and III follow.
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Statement: There are more than 200 villages in the hill area of Uttar Pradesh which are severely damaged due to cyclone and it causes an extra burden of Rs 200 crore on State Government for relief and rehabilitation work.
Courses of Action:
1. People of hill area should be shifted to other safer places.
2. State Government should ask more financial support from Central Government.
3. Government should levy relief tax to the corporate sector to ease the additional burden.
Answer: E
Since severe damage has been caused by cyclone, people in affected villages ought to be shifted to safer places. Also, since relief work entails huge amounts, the State Government needs to pool up funds by either of the ways given in II and III. So, I and either II or III follow.
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Statement: There have been quite a few incidents of highway robbery on the super expressway between/cities A and B during recent months.
Courses of Action:
1. The local administration should immediately set up police tickets along the expressway to prevent robbery.
2. The local administration should immediately close down the expressway till the robbers are apprehended.
3. More and more people should be given training on how to tackle with the robbers.
Answer: A
Clearly, incidents of robbery can be practically averted only by tightening security arrangements and increasing vigilance by police. So, I follows. Neither II nor III follows as none of them is practically viable.
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Statement: The meteorological department has reported that a severe storm is likely to hit the city during the next forty-eight hours.
Courses of Action:
1. The administration should advise all the business and educational establishments to close down for two days.
2. The administration should not make the information public as it could create panic among the residents of the city.
3. The administration should activate its disaster management program to tackle any possible emergency situation.
Answer: D
The administration should strive to prevent the residents of the city from the ensuing danger. This can be done by persuading residents to stay indoors and putting emergency relief operation mechanism to work. Thus, both I and III follow. Further, the storm is likely to play havoc with the lives of general public if it comes as a surprise to them. So, II does not follow.
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Statement: People residing in some tribal areas are far from education.
Courses of Action:
1. Government should render all help to the NGOs to open schools there.
2. A mass awareness programme must be initiated in these areas.
3. Social workers should be entrusted with the job of educating them.
Answer: A
Clearly, people in tribal areas ought to be made aware of the need of education and persuaded to send children to schools. But at the same time proper facilities to render education must also be available. So, both I and II follow. However, education by social workers shall be a temporary remedy. Thus, III does not follow.
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Statement: The Deputy Mayor of city Z has proposed to install a plant of mineral water and to supply citizen's mineral water bottles at Rs. 6 per litre as against Rs. 10 per litre being sold by local private companies.
Courses of Action:
1. The local private companies of city Z will have to close their operation.
2. The Corporation of city Z will have to provide for losses in this project in its budget.
3. The tap water schemes of city Z will have to be stopped.
Answer: E
The Corporation has planned to install its plant so as to achieve cost-effective production of mineral water. Had there been a loss, it could also acquire water from private companies. So, II does not follow. Besides, the local private companies can survive by cutting costs or by extending their sales network to other cities. Thus, I does not follow. Lastly, the Corporation seeks to provide healthy drinking water to the residents. Water for general use would still be delivered through taps. Hence, III also does not follow.
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Statement: The condition of all the major roads in the city has deteriorated due to incessant rain during the last two months.
Courses of Action:
1. The city civic authority should deploy additional traffic staff to regulate the vehicular movement.
2. The city civic authority should immediately make arrangements for repairs of the damaged roads.
3. Motorists should be alerted at various places by putting up sign boards about the bad patches of the roads to enable them to plan their journey accordingly.
Answer: D
Clearly, all the given courses of action aim at either getting the damaged roads repaired or regulating movement of traffic on, bad roads and making journey easy for all vehicle owners. So, all the courses follow.
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Statement: The weather bureau has through a recent bulletin forecast heavy rainfall during the next week which may cause water logging in several parts of the city.
Courses of Action:
1. The bulletin should be given wide publicity through the mass media.
2. The civic authority should keep in readiness the pumping system for removal of water from these parts.
3. The people should be advised to stay indoors during the period.
Answer: D
The issue is not so big as to be made public extensively. So, I does not follow. Besides, the authorities must be prepared to deal with the problem effectively and persuade the people to stay indoors to avoid inconvenience arising out of water-logging. Thus, both II and III follow.
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